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Malta

Description to Malta

The Republic of Malta with its capital Valletta covers 316 km². The southern European island state in the Mediterranean lies about 90 kilometres south of Sicily; the coast of Africa is about 300 kilometres away. It consists of the three inhabited islands of Malta (246 km²), Gozo (67 km²) and Comino (3 km²) as well as the uninhabited islands of Cominotto, Filfla and St. Paul's Islands.

Malta - Landkarte

History

Wine growing already existed here in ancient times. It was established by the Phoenicians, who settled the island around 800 BC. This was then continued by the Romans after the Third Punic War and the conquest of Carthage from 200 BC, when they occupied the island. The Knights of the Order of St John (the later Knights of Malta) produced mainly Mass wine during their rule from the 16th to the 18th century.

Viticulture

The Mediterranean climate is characterised by hot, dry summers and cool, rainy winters. There are no rivers; Malta is one of the countries with the least water in the world. Artificial irrigation with rainwater and groundwater wells is necessary. The vineyard area covers about 1,000 hectares on loam, sand, clay and limestone soils. International varieties were planted from the end of the 1970s. These are the red Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Carignan Noir (Mazuelo), Grenache Noir (Garnacha Tinta) and Syrah, and the white Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Gris, Trebbiano and Muscat Blanc were cultivated. Before phylloxera, there were 120 autochthonous varieties; today only Girgentina, Gennarua and Gellewza are important. Table grapes are also produced.

In 2007, following the Italian model, the DOK (Denominazzjoni ta' Oriġini Kontrollata) system of origin was introduced with the Malta and Gozo wine-growing areas, each with the Superior level. The analytical and sensory quality wine tests are carried out by the accredited Italian Enoteca di Siena. The grapes for the IGT wines= Land wines (Indikazzjoni Geografika Tipika) can come from all islands. Grapes, grape must and wine are also imported from Italy and blended with local wines. Well-known producers on the island are Camilleri Wines, Delicata, Marsovin, Meridiana (supported by the well-known Antinori winery), Monte Kristo and Ta Betta.

Map: By Joe MiGo - Own work, CC0, Link

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